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In our previous anatomy and physiology session we have discussed about Lung Anatomy, Function and Disease, Anatomy of Kidney, Functions of Kidney, Anatomy of Liver, Functions of Liver, Anatomy of brain. Please check out for the link below.
Lung Anatomy, Function and Disease
Being a healthcare professional, it is very important to have knowledge about human body.
The understanding of human walking pattern is important for healthcare professionals. In today’s topic we are going to discuss about Gait Cycle.
Let’s get into the topic.
GAIT CYCLE
The gait cycle is a style or manner of walking. The
gait cycle involves repetitive pattern of steps and strides. The following are
the important terminologies of gait cycle.
STEP
The step is a single step in walking pattern.
STRIDE
The stride is a whole gait cycle.
STEP TIME
The step time is a time gap between heel strike of one
leg and heel strike of another leg.
STEP WIDTH
The step width is the space between the two feet while
walking.
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WHAT ARE THE PHASES OF GAIT CYCLE?
The following are the phases of gait cycle.
1. Initial phase
2. Loading response
3. Mid stance
4. Terminal stance
5. Pre swing
6. Initial swing
7. Mid swing
8. Late swing
These Phase are categorized under two major phases as
following. Let’s discuss in detail about each phase.
STANCE PHASE
The stance phase is a period of time the foot is on
the ground. The 60% of gait cycle falls under stance phase. The Stance Phase
covers initial phase, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, pre swing.
INITIAL PHASE
The initial phase covers 3% of the gait cycle. This
phase is also called as heel strike. In this phase, the foot heel hits the
ground first.
LOADING RESPONSE
The loading response covers 3 – 12% gait cycle. In
this phase, the rest of the leading foot hits the ground. The knee flexes
slightly and absorbs the shock when the foot falls flat on the ground. In this
stage, the foot which falls flat on ground becomes supporting foot. This phase
is also called as support stage.
MID STANCE
The mid stance covers 12 – 31% of the gait cycle. In
this phase, the elevation and forward movement of the opposite limb occurs.
TERMINAL STANCE
The terminal stance can cover during 31 – 50% of gait
cycle. The terminal phase begins when the supporting limb’s heel rises of the
ground and continues till the opposite heel touches the ground.
PRE SWING
The pre swing phase covers during 50 – 62% of gait
cycle. This phase is the transition phase between stance and swing phase. This
phase is from the initial contact of opposite limb to the opposite limb falling
flat on the ground. Here the supporting foot is pushed and lifted of the
ground.
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SWING PHASE
The swing phase is a period of time the foot is off
the ground. The 40% of gait cycle falls under swing phase. The Swing Phase
covers initial swing, mid swing, late swing.
INITIAL SWING
The initial swing covers during 62 – 75% of gait
cycle. In initial phase, the advancement of the supporting limb begins with
forward movement of the limb. The hip, knee and ankle are flexed to support the
limb advancement and create the clearance of foot over ground.
MID SWING
The mid swing covers during 75 – 87% of gait cycle. In
mid swing phase, the limb advancement continues and peak level advancement is
reached by thigh.
TERMINAL SWING
The terminal swing is the final phase of gait cycle
and covers from 87 – 100% of gait cycle. In terminal swing phase, the shank
makes the final advancement and the supporting foot is positioned for initial
foot contact to start the next gait cycle.
Now I hope you have acquired some knowledge about Gait Cycle. We will meet again with another valuable healthcare topic.
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