Everything You Need To Know About Ventilator

Everything You Need To Know About Ventilator
Hi friends!
I’m a Biomedical Engineer. This is my first blog. And my future blogs will be related to Biomedical Engineering. Let’s start our journey with an important medical device called ventilator.

VENTILATOR

The ventilator is an important life saving equipment. Therefore it is important for every healthcare professional to know in detail  about ventilator. In this blog we are going to see important concepts about ventilator. Lets get into the topic.
Ventilator
Ventilator
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INTRODUCTION

The ventilator is a machine which is designed mechanically to move breathable air into and out of the lungs, to provide mechanism of breathing for a patient who is not able to breathe sufficiently.

CONCEPT OF VENTILATOR SYSTEM

The following are the details about concept of ventilator system.
Ventilator
Ventilator
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1. Inspiratory valve opens & expiratory valve closes. Here circuit pressure is greater than lung pressure. So gas is pushed into the lungs, as a result lung inflates.

Ventilator
Ventilator
Image courtesy: Wikimedia commons
Licensed under: CC Share Alike
2. Expiratory valve opens & inspiratory valve closes.  Here circuit pressure drops below the pressure of lungs. So gas is pushed out of the lungs, as a result lung shrinks.

TYPES OF VENTILATOR

POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATOR
The following are the details about positive pressure ventilator.
1. The positive pressure ventilator works by increasing the patients airway pressure through endotracheal tube.
2. In positive pressure ventilator, the positive pressure allows the air to flow inside the airway until the ventilator air is terminated.
3. Then the pressure drops to 0 and elastic coil of lungs pushes the breathe out through passive exhalation.
NEGATIVE PRESSURE VENTILATOR
The following are the details about negative pressure ventilator.
Example: Iron Lung
Ventilator
Ventilator
1. In negative pressure ventilator, Pressure inside the tank is mechanically withdrawn to create a vacuum inside the tank causing the expansion of lungs results in negative pressure inside the lungs and increases the flow of ambient air into the lungs.
2. Once the vacuum inside the tank is released, pressure inside the tank matches the ambient air pressure.
3. The elastic coil of lung leads to passive exhalation.

HIGH FREQUENCY VENTILATOR

The following are the details about high frequency ventilator
1. The high frequency ventilator is a form of mechanical ventilation which combines, high respiratory rates greater than 60 breathes per minute with tidal volume smaller than volume of dead space.
2. In high frequency ventilator, gas exchange is optimized by utilizing smaller tidal volumes with minimal alveolar stretch.

INVASIVE VENTILATOR

In invasive ventilator, one end of the tubing will be inserted into your airway and other end of the tubing will be connected to ventilator

NON INVASIVE VENTILATOR

In non invasive ventilator, face mask will be connected to ventilator

COMPANIES MANUFACTURING VENTILATOR

The following are few of the companies which manufactures Ventilator.
Hamilton Medical
Drager
Medtronic
Mindray
GE Healthcare
Philips

Now I hope you have acquired some knowledge about ventilator.  We will discuss more about medical devices in future blogs.

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